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Difference between revisions of "Help:Tables"

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(Created page with "Tables may be authored in wiki pages using either HTML table elements directly, or using wikicode formatting to define the table. HTML table elements and their use are well descr...")
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−
{{PD Help Page}}
+
Tables may be authored in wiki pages using either HTML table elements directly, or using wikicode formatting to define the table. HTML table elements and their use are well described on various web pages and will not be discussed here. The benefit of wikicode is that the table is constructed of character symbols which tend to make it easier to perceive the table structure in the article editing view compared to HTML table elements.
−
'''Tables''' may be authored in wiki pages using either XHTML table elements directly, or using wikicode formatting to define the table. XHTML table elements and their use are well described on various web pages and will not be discussed here. The benefit of wikicode is that the table is constructed of character symbols which tend to make it easier to perceive the table structure in the article editing view compared to XHTML table elements.
+
 
−
 
 
As a general rule, it is best to avoid using a table unless you need one. Table markup often complicates page editing.
 
As a general rule, it is best to avoid using a table unless you need one. Table markup often complicates page editing.
  
 
== Wiki table markup summary ==
 
== Wiki table markup summary ==
−
{|cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" border="1" width="60%"
+
 
−
|
+
{|cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" border="1" width="600"
−
<nowiki>{|</nowiki>
+
|<nowiki>{|</nowiki> || '''table start'''
−
| '''table start'''
 
 
|-
 
|-
−
|
+
|<nowiki>|+</nowiki> || table '''caption,''' ''optional;'' only between '''table start''' and first '''table row'''
−
<nowiki>|+</nowiki>
 
−
| table '''caption,''' ''optional;'' only between '''table start''' and first '''table row'''
 
 
|-
 
|-
−
|
+
|<nowiki>|-</nowiki> || '''table row,''' ''optional on first row'' -- wiki engine assumes the first row
−
<nowiki>|-</nowiki>
 
−
| '''table row,''' ''optional on first row'' -- wiki engine assumes the first row
 
 
|-
 
|-
−
|
+
|<nowiki>!</nowiki> || '''table header''' cell, ''optional.'' Consecutive '''table header''' cells may be added on same line separated by double marks (!!) or start on new lines, each with its own single mark (!).
−
<nowiki>!</nowiki>  
 
−
| '''table header''' cell, ''optional.'' Consecutive '''table header''' cells may be added on same line separated by double marks (<code>!!</code>) or start on new lines, each with its own single mark (<code>!</code>).
 
 
|-  
 
|-  
−
|
+
|<nowiki>|</nowiki> || '''table data''' cell, ''required!'' Consecutive '''table data''' cells may be added on same line separated by double marks (<nowiki>||</nowiki>) or start on new lines, each with its own single mark (<nowiki>|</nowiki>).
−
<nowiki>|</nowiki>
 
−
| '''table data''' cell, ''required!'' Consecutive '''table data''' cells may be added on same line separated by double marks (<code><nowiki>||</nowiki></code>) or start on new lines, each with its own single mark (<code><nowiki>|</nowiki></code>).
 
 
|-
 
|-
−
|
+
|<nowiki>|}</nowiki> || '''table end'''
−
<nowiki>|}</nowiki>
 
−
| '''table end'''  
 
 
|}
 
|}
−
*The above marks must '''start on a new line''' except the double <code>||</code> and <code>!!</code> for optionally adding consecutive cells to a line. However, blank spaces at the beginning of a line are ignored.
+
*The above marks must '''start on a new line''' except the double || and !! for optionally adding consecutive cells to a line.
 
*'''XHTML attributes.''' Each mark, except table end, optionally accepts one or more XHTML attributes. Attributes must be on the same line as the mark. Separate attributes from each other with a single space.  
 
*'''XHTML attributes.''' Each mark, except table end, optionally accepts one or more XHTML attributes. Attributes must be on the same line as the mark. Separate attributes from each other with a single space.  
−
**Cells and caption (<code>|</code> or <code>||</code>, <code>!</code> or <code>!!</code>, and <code>|+</code>) hold content. So separate any attributes from content with a single pipe (<code>|</code>). Cell content may follow on same line or on following lines.
+
**Cells and caption (<nowiki>| or ||, ! or !!, and |+</nowiki>) hold content. So separate any attributes from content with a single pipe (|). Cell content may follow on same line or on following lines.
−
**Table and row marks (<code>{|</code> and <code>|-</code>) do not directly hold content. Do ''not'' add pipe (<code>|</code>) after their optional attributes. If you erroneously add a pipe after attributes for the table mark or row mark the parser will delete it ''and'' your final attribute if it was touching the erroneous pipe!
+
**Table and row marks (<nowiki>{| and |-</nowiki>) do not directly hold content. Do ''not'' add pipe (|) after their optional attributes. If you erroneously add a pipe after attributes for the table mark or row mark the parser will delete it ''and'' your final attribute if it was touching the erroneous pipe!
−
*'''Content''' may (a) follow its cell mark on the same line after any optional XHTML attributes or (b) on lines below the cell mark. Content that uses wiki markup that itself needs to start on a new line, such as lists, headings, or nested tables, must be on its own new line.
+
*'''Content''' may (a) follow its cell mark on the same line after any optional XHTML attributes or (b) on lines below the cell mark. Content that uses wiki markup that itself needs to start on a new line, such as lists, headers, or nested tables, must of course be on its own new line.
−
*'''Escaping''' to insert a pipe (<code>|</code>) character into a table use the &lt;nowiki&gt; markup
 
  
−
==Basics==
+
==Simple table==
−
The following table lacks borders and good spacing but shows the simplest wiki markup table structure.
 
  
−
{| cellspacing="0" border="1"
+
===Plain===
−
!style="width:50%"|You type
+
The following table lacks borders and good spacing but shows the simplest wiki markup table structure
−
!style="width:50%"|You get
+
{| width="100%"
−
|-
+
|width="50%"|
−
|
 
−
<pre>
 
 
{|
 
{|
 
|Orange
 
|Orange
Line 56: Line 40:
 
|Ice cream  
 
|Ice cream  
 
|}
 
|}
−
</pre>
+
|width="50%"|
−
|
+
<pre>
 
{|
 
{|
 
|Orange
 
|Orange
Line 68: Line 52:
 
|Ice cream  
 
|Ice cream  
 
|}
 
|}
 +
</pre>
 
|}
 
|}
  
−
The cells in the same row can be listed on one line separated by <code>||</code> (two pipe symbols). If the text in the cell contains a line break, use <code><nowiki><br /></nowiki></code> instead.
+
===Alternative===
 +
For more table-ish looking wiki markup cells can be listed on one line separated by ||. This does not scale well for longer cell content such as paragraphs. It works well for short bits of content however, such as our example table.
  
−
{| cellspacing="0" border="1"
+
Extra spaces within cells in the wiki markup can be added, as I have done in the wiki markup below, to make the wiki markup itself look better but they do not affect the actual table rendering.
−
!style="width:50%"|You type
 
−
!style="width:50%"|You get
 
−
|-
 
−
|
 
−
<pre>
 
−
{|
 
−
|Orange||Apple||more
 
−
|-
 
−
|Bread||Pie||more
 
−
|-
 
−
|Butter||Ice<br />cream||and<br />more
 
−
|}
 
−
</pre>
 
−
|
 
−
{|
 
−
|Orange||Apple||more
 
−
|-
 
−
|Bread||Pie||more
 
−
|-
 
−
|Butter||Ice<br />cream||and<br />more
 
−
|}
 
−
|}
 
  
−
Extra spaces within cells in the wiki markup, as in the wiki markup below, do not affect the actual table rendering.
+
HTML attributes can be added to tables on this page but have been left out of the following example for simplicity.
−
 
+
{| width="100%"
−
{| cellspacing="0" border="1"
+
|width="50%"|
−
!style="width:50%"|You type
 
−
!style="width:50%"|You get
 
−
|-
 
−
|
 
−
<pre>
 
 
{|
 
{|
 
|  Orange    ||  Apple  ||  more
 
|  Orange    ||  Apple  ||  more
Line 111: Line 70:
 
|  Butter  || Ice cream ||  and more
 
|  Butter  || Ice cream ||  and more
 
|}
 
|}
−
</pre>
+
|width="50%"|
−
|
+
<pre>
 
{|
 
{|
 
|  Orange    ||  Apple  ||  more
 
|  Orange    ||  Apple  ||  more
Line 119: Line 78:
 
|-
 
|-
 
|  Butter  || Ice cream ||  and more
 
|  Butter  || Ice cream ||  and more
−
|}
 
−
|}
 
−
 
−
You can have longer text or more complex wiki syntax inside table cells, too:
 
−
 
−
{| cellspacing="0" border="1"
 
−
!style="width:50%"|You type
 
−
!style="width:50%"|You get
 
−
|-
 
−
|
 
−
<pre>
 
−
{|
 
−
|Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet,
 
−
consetetur sadipscing elitr,
 
−
sed diam nonumy eirmod tempor invidunt
 
−
ut labore et dolore magna aliquyam erat,
 
−
sed diam voluptua.
 
−
 
−
At vero eos et accusam et justo duo dolores
 
−
et ea rebum. Stet clita kasd gubergren,
 
−
no sea takimata sanctus est Lorem ipsum
 
−
dolor sit amet.
 
−
|
 
−
* Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet
 
−
* consetetur sadipscing elitr
 
−
* sed diam nonumy eirmod tempor invidunt
 
 
|}
 
|}
 
</pre>
 
</pre>
−
|
 
−
{|
 
−
|Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet,
 
−
consetetur sadipscing elitr,
 
−
sed diam nonumy eirmod tempor invidunt
 
−
ut labore et dolore magna aliquyam erat,
 
−
sed diam voluptua.
 
−
 
−
At vero eos et accusam et justo duo dolores
 
−
et ea rebum. Stet clita kasd gubergren,
 
−
no sea takimata sanctus est Lorem ipsum
 
−
dolor sit amet.
 
−
|
 
−
* Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet
 
−
* consetetur sadipscing elitr
 
−
* sed diam nonumy eirmod tempor invidunt
 
−
|}
 
 
|}
 
|}
  
−
=== Table headers ===
+
===With HTML attributes===
−
Table headers can be created by using "<code>!</code>" (exclamation mark) instead of "<code>|</code>" (pipe symbol). Headers usually show up bold and centered by default.
+
You can add HTML attributes to make your table look better
−
 
+
====border="1"====
−
{| cellspacing="0" border="1"
+
{| width="100%"
−
!style="width:50%"|You type
+
|width="50%"|
−
!style="width:50%"|You get
+
{| border="1"
−
|-
 
−
|
 
−
<pre>
 
−
{|
 
−
! Item
 
−
! Amount
 
−
! Cost
 
−
|-
 
 
|Orange
 
|Orange
−
|10
+
|Apple
−
|7.00
 
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Bread
 
|Bread
−
|4
+
|Pie
−
|3.00
 
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Butter
 
|Butter
−
|1
+
|Ice cream
−
|5.00
 
−
|-
 
−
!Total
 
−
|
 
−
|15.00
 
 
|}
 
|}
−
</pre>
+
|width="50%"|
−
|
+
<pre>
−
{|
+
{| border="1"
−
! Item
 
−
! Amount
 
−
! Cost
 
−
|-
 
 
|Orange
 
|Orange
−
|10
+
|Apple
−
|7.00
 
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Bread
 
|Bread
−
|4
+
|Pie
−
|3.00
 
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Butter
 
|Butter
−
|1
+
|Ice cream
−
|5.00
 
−
|-
 
−
!Total
 
−
|
 
−
|15.00
 
 
|}
 
|}
 +
</pre>
 
|}
 
|}
  
−
===Caption===
+
====align="center" border="1"====
−
A '''table caption''' can be added to the top of any table as follows.
+
{| width="100%"
−
 
+
|width="50%"|
−
{| cellspacing="0" border="1"
+
{| align="center" border="1"
−
!style="width:50%"|You type
 
−
!style="width:50%"|You get
 
−
|-
 
−
|
 
−
<pre>
 
−
{|
 
−
|+Food complements
 
−
|-
 
 
|Orange
 
|Orange
 
|Apple
 
|Apple
Line 242: Line 125:
 
|Ice cream  
 
|Ice cream  
 
|}
 
|}
−
</pre>
+
|width="50%"|
−
|
+
<pre>
−
{|
+
{| align="center" border="1"
−
|+ Food complements
 
−
|-
 
 
|Orange
 
|Orange
 
|Apple
 
|Apple
Line 256: Line 137:
 
|Ice cream  
 
|Ice cream  
 
|}
 
|}
 +
</pre>
 
|}
 
|}
  
−
== XHTML attributes ==
+
====Attributes on cells ====
−
You can add XHTML attributes to tables. For the authoritative source on these, see [http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/struct/tables.html the W3C's HTML 4.01 Specification page on tables].
+
You can put attributes on individual '''cells.''' Numbers for example may look better aligned right
−
 
+
{| width="100%"
−
=== Attributes on tables ===
+
|width="50%"|
−
Placing attributes after the table start tag (<code>{|</code>) applies attributes to the entire table.
 
−
 
 
−
{| cellspacing="0" border="1"
 
−
!style="width:50%"|You type
 
−
!style="width:50%"|You get
 
−
|-
 
−
|
 
−
<pre>
 
 
{| border="1"
 
{| border="1"
 
|Orange
 
|Orange
 
|Apple
 
|Apple
−
|12,333.00
+
|align="right"|12,333.00
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Bread
 
|Bread
 
|Pie
 
|Pie
−
|500.00
+
|align="right"|500.00
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Butter
 
|Butter
 
|Ice cream
 
|Ice cream
−
|1.00
+
|align="right"|1.00
 
|}
 
|}
−
</pre>
+
|width="50%"|
−
|
+
<pre>
 
{| border="1"
 
{| border="1"
 
|Orange
 
|Orange
 
|Apple
 
|Apple
−
|12,333.00
+
|align="right"|12,333.00
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Bread
 
|Bread
 
|Pie
 
|Pie
−
|500.00
+
|align="right"|500.00
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Butter
 
|Butter
 
|Ice cream
 
|Ice cream
−
|1.00
+
|align="right"|1.00
 
|}
 
|}
 +
</pre>
 
|}
 
|}
  
−
=== Attributes on cells ===
+
====Attributes on rows====
−
You can put attributes on individual '''cells'''. For example, numbers may look better aligned right.
+
You can put attributes on individual '''rows,''' too.
−
 
+
{| width="100%"
−
{| cellspacing="0" border="1"
+
|width="50%"|
−
!style="width:50%"|You type
 
−
!style="width:50%"|You get
 
−
|-
 
−
|
 
−
<pre>
 
 
{| border="1"
 
{| border="1"
 
|Orange
 
|Orange
 
|Apple
 
|Apple
−
|align="right" | 12,333.00
+
|align="right"|12,333.00
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Bread
 
|Bread
 
|Pie
 
|Pie
−
|align="right" | 500.00
+
|align="right"|500.00
−
|-
+
|- style="font-style:italic;color:green;"
 
|Butter
 
|Butter
 
|Ice cream
 
|Ice cream
−
|align="right" | 1.00
+
|align="right"|1.00
 
|}
 
|}
−
</pre>
+
|width="50%"|
−
|
+
<pre>
 
{| border="1"
 
{| border="1"
 
|Orange
 
|Orange
Line 332: Line 202:
 
|Pie
 
|Pie
 
|align="right"|500.00
 
|align="right"|500.00
−
|-
+
|- style="font-style:italic;color:green;"
 
|Butter
 
|Butter
 
|Ice cream
 
|Ice cream
 
|align="right"|1.00
 
|align="right"|1.00
 
|}
 
|}
 +
</pre>
 
|}
 
|}
  
−
You can also use '''cell''' attributes when you are listing multiple '''cells''' on a single line. Note that the '''cells''' are separated by <code>||</code>, and within each '''cell''' the attribute(s) and value are separated by <code>|</code>.
+
====cellspacing="0" border="1"====
−
 
+
{| width="100%"
 +
|width="50%"|
 
{| cellspacing="0" border="1"
 
{| cellspacing="0" border="1"
−
!style="width:50%"|You type
+
|Orange
−
!style="width:50%"|You get
+
|Apple
 +
|-
 +
|Bread
 +
|Pie
 
|-
 
|-
−
|
+
|Butter
 +
|Ice cream
 +
|}
 +
|width="50%"|
 
<pre>
 
<pre>
−
{| border="1"
+
{| cellspacing="0" border="1"
−
| Orange || Apple     || align="right" | 12,333.00
+
|Orange
 +
|Apple
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Bread || Pie       || align="right" | 500.00
+
|Bread
 +
|Pie
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Butter || Ice cream || align="right" | 1.00
+
|Butter
 +
|Ice cream  
 
|}
 
|}
 
</pre>
 
</pre>
−
|
+
|}
−
{| border="1"
+
 
−
| Orange || Apple    || align="right" | 12,333.00
+
====cellpadding="20" cellspacing="0" border="1"====
 +
{| width="100%"
 +
|width="50%"|
 +
{| cellpadding="20" cellspacing="0" border="1"
 +
|Orange
 +
|Apple
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Bread || Pie       || align="right" | 500.00
+
|Bread
 +
|Pie
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Butter || Ice cream || align="right" | 1.00
+
|Butter
 +
|Ice cream  
 
|}
 
|}
 +
|width="50%"|
 +
<pre>
 +
{| cellpadding="20" cellspacing="0" border="1"
 +
|Orange
 +
|Apple
 +
|-
 +
|Bread
 +
|Pie
 +
|-
 +
|Butter
 +
|Ice cream
 
|}
 
|}
−
 
+
</pre>
−
===Attributes on rows===
+
|}
−
You can put attributes on individual '''rows''', too.
+
====cellpadding="20" cellspacing="0" border="1" width="100%"====
−
 
+
{| width="100%"
−
{| cellspacing="0" border="1"
+
|width="50%"|
−
!style="width:50%"|You type
+
{| cellpadding="20" cellspacing="0" border="1" width="100%"
−
!style="width:50%"|You get
+
|Orange
 +
|Apple
 +
|-
 +
|Bread
 +
|Pie
 
|-
 
|-
−
|
+
|Butter
 +
|Ice cream
 +
|}
 +
|width="50%"|
 
<pre>
 
<pre>
−
{| border="1"
+
{| cellpadding="20" cellspacing="0" border="1" width="100%"
 
|Orange
 
|Orange
 
|Apple
 
|Apple
−
|align="right"|12,333.00
 
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Bread
 
|Bread
 
|Pie
 
|Pie
−
|align="right"|500.00
+
|-
−
|- style="font-style:italic; color:green;"
 
 
|Butter
 
|Butter
−
|Ice cream
+
|Ice cream  
−
|align="right"|1.00
 
 
|}
 
|}
 
</pre>
 
</pre>
−
|
+
|}
−
{| border="1"
+
 
 +
===With HTML attributes and CSS styles===
 +
CSS style attributes can be added with or without other HTML attributes
 +
====style="color:green;background-color:#ffffcc;" cellpadding="20" cellspacing="0" border="1"====
 +
{| width="100%"
 +
|width="50%"|
 +
{| style="color:green;background-color:#ffffcc;" cellpadding="20" cellspacing="0" border="1"
 +
|Orange
 +
|Apple
 +
|-
 +
|Bread
 +
|Pie
 +
|-
 +
|Butter
 +
|Ice cream
 +
|}
 +
|width="50%"|
 +
<pre>
 +
{| style="color:green;background-color:#ffffcc;"
 +
cellpadding="20" cellspacing="0" border="1"
 
|Orange
 
|Orange
 
|Apple
 
|Apple
−
|align="right"|12,333.00
 
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Bread
 
|Bread
 
|Pie
 
|Pie
−
|align="right"|500.00
+
|-
−
|- style="font-style:italic; color:green;"
 
 
|Butter
 
|Butter
−
|Ice cream
+
|Ice cream  
−
|align="right"|1.00
 
 
|}
 
|}
 +
</pre>
 
|}
 
|}
  
−
====Simple one-pixel table border====
+
==Table with TH headings==
−
The default table formatting uses the "border-collapse: separate" model, which adds table cell spacing (which also separates the the table outer border from its content cells). Even with a zero cellspacing, the borders of consecutive cells (and of the overall table container) will add up, so to get a one-pixel separation between cells, you need to selectively remove one or more of the four borders of cells.
 
  
−
Such tables may be formatted more simply, using the "border-collapse: collapse" CSS property; in this table formatting model, the cellspacing attribute (or the CSS "border-spacing:" property) and the table's "padding:" CSS property is ignored and only the larger border of adjascent inner cells (or the table border for outer cells) will be used.
+
TH (HTML table headings) can be created by using ! instead of |. Headings usually show up bold and centered by default.
  
−
An example of the above for one-pixel table border, using each model (without need for external extensions):
+
===Top headings===
−
 
+
====Each column====
−
{|border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"
+
{| width="100%"
 +
|width="50%"|
 +
{| border="1" cellpadding="20" cellspacing="0"
 +
!Yummy
 +
!Yummier
 +
|-
 +
|Orange
 +
|Apple
 +
|-
 +
|Bread
 +
|Pie
 
|-
 
|-
−
!|You type
+
|Butter
−
!width="150"|You get
+
|Ice cream
 +
|}
 +
|width="50%"|
 +
<pre>
 +
{| border="1" cellpadding="20" cellspacing="0"
 +
!Yummy
 +
!Yummier
 
|-
 
|-
−
|
+
|Orange
−
<pre style="font-size: 80%">
+
|Apple
−
{|style="border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: 0; border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; border-color: #000; padding: 0"
 
 
|-
 
|-
−
!style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 1px 0"| Orange
+
|Bread
−
!style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 0 1px 0"| Apple
+
|Pie
 
|-
 
|-
−
|style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 0 0"| Bread
+
|Butter
−
|style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0"| Pie
+
|Ice cream
 
|}
 
|}
 
</pre>
 
</pre>
−
|
+
|}
−
{|style="margin: 0; border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: 0; border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; border-color: #000; padding: 0"
+
 
 +
====Colspan="2"====
 +
{| width="100%"
 +
|width="50%"|
 +
{| border="1" cellpadding="20" cellspacing="0"
 +
!colspan="2"|Yummies
 
|-
 
|-
−
!style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 1px 0"| Orange
+
|Orange
−
!style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 0 1px 0"| Apple
+
|Apple
 
|-
 
|-
−
|style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px 0 0"| Bread
+
|Bread
−
|style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0"| Pie
+
|Pie
 +
|-
 +
|Butter
 +
|Ice cream
 
|}
 
|}
 +
|width="50%"|
 +
<pre>
 +
{| border="1" cellpadding="20" cellspacing="0"
 +
! colspan="2"|Yummies
 
|-
 
|-
−
|
+
|Orange
−
<pre style="font-size: 80%">
+
|Apple
−
{|style="border-collapse: collapse; border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; border-color: #000"
 
 
|-
 
|-
−
!style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px"| Orange
+
|Bread
−
!style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px"| Apple
+
|Pie
 
|-
 
|-
−
|style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px"| Bread
+
|Butter
−
|style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px"| Pie
+
|Ice cream
 
|}
 
|}
 
</pre>
 
</pre>
−
|
+
|}
−
{|style="border-collapse: collapse; border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; border-color: #000"
+
 
 +
===Side headings===
 +
====Default====
 +
{| width="100%"
 +
|width="50%"|
 +
{| border="1" cellpadding="20" cellspacing="0"
 +
!Fruit
 +
|Orange
 +
|Apple
 +
|-
 +
!Dish
 +
|Bread
 +
|Pie
 +
|-
 +
!Complement
 +
|Butter
 +
|Ice cream
 +
|}
 +
|width="50%"|
 +
<pre>
 +
{| border="1" cellpadding="20" cellspacing="0"
 +
!Fruit
 +
|Orange
 +
|Apple
 
|-
 
|-
−
!style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px"| Orange
+
!Dish
−
!style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px"| Apple
+
|Bread
 +
|Pie
 
|-
 
|-
−
|style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px"| Bread
+
!Complement
−
|style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px"| Pie
+
|Butter
 +
|Ice cream
 
|}
 
|}
 +
</pre>
 
|}
 
|}
  
−
Notes :
+
====Right justify====
−
* When using the "border-width:" CSS shortcut property, the order of the four space-separated specified values is: top, right, bottom, left. When there are fewer than 4 values, the value for left takes its default from the value for right, the value for bottom takes its default from the value for top, and the value for right takes its default from the value for top.
+
Right justified side headings can be done as follows
−
* The HTML attributes (such as "width=", "border=", "cellspacing=", "cellpadding=") do not need any length unit (the pixel unit is assumed). The CSS style properties (which override the HTML attributes) require an explicit length unit (if the value is not 0) such as "px" for the pixel.
+
{| width="100%"
−
 
+
|width="50%"|
−
===HTML colspan and rowspan===
+
{| border="1" cellpadding="20" cellspacing="0"
−
 
+
!align="right" |Fruit
−
You can use HTML '''colspan''' and '''rowspan''' attributes on cells for advanced layout.
+
|Orange
−
 
+
|Apple
−
{| cellspacing="0" border="1"
 
−
!style="width:50%"|You type
 
−
!style="width:50%"|You get
 
 
|-
 
|-
−
|
+
!align="right" |Dish
−
<pre>
+
|Bread
−
{| border="1"
 
−
!colspan="6"|Shopping List
 
−
|-
 
−
|rowspan="2"|Bread & Butter
 
 
|Pie
 
|Pie
−
|Buns
 
−
|Danish
 
−
|colspan="2"|Croissant
 
 
|-
 
|-
−
|Cheese
+
!align="right" |Complement
−
|colspan="2"|Ice cream
 
 
|Butter
 
|Butter
−
|Yoghurt
+
|Ice cream
 
|}
 
|}
−
</pre>
+
|width="50%"|
−
|
+
<pre>
−
{| border="1"
+
{| border="1" cellpadding="20" cellspacing="0"
−
!colspan="6"|Shopping List
+
!align="right" |Fruit
 +
|Orange
 +
|Apple
 
|-
 
|-
−
|rowspan="2"|Bread & Butter
+
!align="right" |Dish
 +
|Bread
 
|Pie
 
|Pie
−
|Buns
 
−
|Danish
 
−
|colspan="2"|Croissant
 
 
|-
 
|-
−
|Cheese
+
!align="right" |Complement
−
|colspan="2"|Ice cream
 
 
|Butter
 
|Butter
−
|Yoghurt
+
|Ice cream
 
|}
 
|}
 +
</pre>
 
|}
 
|}
  
−
===With HTML attributes and CSS styles===
+
==Caption==
−
[[Manual:CSS|CSS]] style attributes can be added with or without other HTML attributes.
+
A '''table caption''' can be added to the top of any table as follows
−
 
+
{| width="100%"
−
{| cellspacing="0" border="1"
+
|width="50%"|
−
!style="width:50%"|You type
+
{| border="1" cellpadding="20" cellspacing="0"
−
!style="width:50%"|You get
+
|+Food complements
 
|-
 
|-
−
|
 
−
<pre style="white-space:-moz-pre-wrap; white-space:-pre-wrap; white-space:-o-pre-wrap; white-space:pre-wrap; word-wrap:break-word; word-break:break-all;">
 
−
{| style="color:green; background-color:#ffffcc;" cellpadding="10" cellspacing="0" border="1"
 
 
|Orange
 
|Orange
 
|Apple
 
|Apple
Line 524: Line 481:
 
|Ice cream  
 
|Ice cream  
 
|}
 
|}
−
</pre>
+
|width="50%"|
−
|
+
<pre>
−
{| style="color:green; background-color:#ffffcc;" cellpadding="10" cellspacing="0" border="1"
+
{| border="1" cellpadding="20" cellspacing="0"
 +
|+Food complements
 +
|-
 
|Orange
 
|Orange
 
|Apple
 
|Apple
Line 536: Line 495:
 
|Ice cream  
 
|Ice cream  
 
|}
 
|}
 +
</pre>
 
|}
 
|}
  
−
'''Attributes''' can be added to the caption and headers as follows.
+
'''Attributes''' can be added to the caption as follows
  
−
{| cellspacing="0" border="1"
+
{| width="100%"
−
!style="width:50%"|You type
+
|width="50%"|
−
!style="width:50%"|You get
 
−
|-
 
−
|
 
−
<pre style="white-space:-moz-pre-wrap; white-space:-pre-wrap; white-space:-o-pre-wrap; white-space:pre-wrap; word-wrap:break-word; word-break:break-all;">
 
 
{| border="1" cellpadding="20" cellspacing="0"
 
{| border="1" cellpadding="20" cellspacing="0"
−
|+ align="bottom" style="color:#e76700;" |''Food complements''
+
|+align="bottom" style="color:#e76700;"|''Food complements''
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Orange
 
|Orange
Line 558: Line 514:
 
|Ice cream  
 
|Ice cream  
 
|}
 
|}
−
</pre>
+
|width="50%"|
−
|
+
<pre>
−
{| border="1" cellpadding="10" cellspacing="0"
+
{| border="1" cellpadding="20" cellspacing="0"
−
|+ align="bottom" style="color:#e76700;" |''Food complements''
+
|+align="bottom" style="color:#e76700;"|''Food complements''
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Orange
 
|Orange
Line 572: Line 528:
 
|Ice cream  
 
|Ice cream  
 
|}
 
|}
 +
</pre>
 
|}
 
|}
  
−
===Accessibility of table header cells===
+
==Table with H1, H2, H3 etc. headings==
−
Table header cells do not explicitly specify which table data cells they apply to (those on their right on the same row, or those below them on the same column). When the table is rendered in a visual 2D environment, this is usually easy to infer.
 
  
−
However when tables are rendered on non-visual medias, you can help the browser to determine which table header cell applies to the description of any selected cell (in order to repeat its content in some accessibility helper) using a scope="row" or scope="col" attribute on table header cells. In most cases with simple tables, you'll use scope="col" on all header cells of the first row, and scope="row" on the first cell of the following rows:
+
HTML H1, H2, H3, H4 etc. headings can be created the standard wiki markup way with ==equal== signs and '''must be on a line all by themselves''' to work.
  
−
{| cellspacing="0" border="1"
+
'''Preview the whole table.''' If you click on an edit tab for a heading ''within'' a table, edit, and preview, the parent table will display erroneously broken because part of it will be missing.
−
!style="width:50%"|You type
+
 
−
!style="width:50%"|You get
+
Keep the heading hierarchy consistent with the rest of the page so that the table of contents at page top works correctly.
 +
 
 +
{| width="100%"
 +
|width="50%"|
 +
{| border="1" cellpadding="20" cellspacing="0"
 +
|colspan="2"|
 +
===Yummiest===
 
|-
 
|-
−
|
+
|Orange
−
<pre style="white-space:-moz-pre-wrap; white-space:-pre-wrap; white-space:-o-pre-wrap; white-space:pre-wrap; word-wrap:break-word; word-break:break-all;">
+
|Apple
−
{| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"
 
 
|-
 
|-
−
!scope="col"| Item
+
|Bread
−
!scope="col"| Quantity
+
|Pie
−
!scope="col"| Price
 
 
|-
 
|-
−
!scope="row"| Bread
+
|Butter
−
| 0.3 kg
+
|Ice cream
−
| $0.65
 
−
|-
 
−
!scope="row"| Butter
 
−
| 0.125 kg
 
−
| $1.25
 
−
|-
 
−
!scope="row" colspan="2"| Total
 
−
| $1.90
 
 
|}
 
|}
−
</pre>
+
|width="50%"|
−
|
+
<pre>
−
{| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"
+
{| border="3"  cellpadding="20" cellspacing="0"
 +
|colspan="2"|
 +
===Yummiest===
 
|-
 
|-
−
!scope="col"| Item
+
|Orange
−
!scope="col"| Quantity
+
|Apple
−
!scope="col"| Price
 
 
|-
 
|-
−
!scope="row"| Bread
+
|Bread
−
| 0.3 kg
+
|Pie
−
| $0.65
 
 
|-
 
|-
−
!scope="row"| Butter
+
|Butter
−
| 0.125 kg
+
|Ice cream
−
| $1.25
 
−
|-
 
−
!scope="row" colspan="2"| Total
 
−
| $1.90
 
 
|}
 
|}
 +
</pre>
 
|}
 
|}
  
−
==Caveats==
+
==Caveat==
−
 
 
 
===Negative numbers===
 
===Negative numbers===
−
If you start a cell on a new line with a negative number with a minus sign (or a parameter that evaluates to a negative number), your table can get broken, because the characters <code>|-</code> will be parsed as the wiki markup for table row, not table cell. To avoid this, insert a space before the value (<code>| -6</code>) or use in-line cell markup (<code>|| -6</code>).
+
Negative value minus sign can break your table (it may display missing some values) if you start a cell on a new line with a negative number or a parameter that evaluates to a negative number (|-6) because that is the wiki markup for table row, not table cell. To avoid this, insert a space before the value (| -6) or use in-line cell markup (||-6).
−
 
 
−
===CSS vs Attributes===
 
−
Table borders specified through CSS rather than the border attribute will render incorrectly in a small subset of text browsers.
 
−
 
 
−
===Common attributes for columns, column groups and row groups===
 
−
The MediaWiki syntax for tables currently offers no support for specifying common attributes for columns (with the HTML element <code>&lt;col /&gt;</code>), column groups (HTML element <code>&lt;colgroup&gt;...&lt;/colgroup&gt;</code>) and row groups (HTML elements <code>&lt;thead&gt;...&lt;/thead&gt;</code>, <code>&lt;tbody&gt;...&lt;/tbody&gt;<code> and <code>&lt;tfoot&gt;...&lt;/tfoot&gt;</code>). Those standard HTML elements are not accepted even in their HTML or XHTML syntax.
 
−
 
 
−
All the rows and cells (header or data) of the table are rendered within a single implicit row group (HTML element <code>&lt;tbody&gt;...&lt;/tbody&gt;<code>) without any attributes or styles.
 
  
−
{{Languages}}
 
 
[[Category:Help|Tables]]
 
[[Category:Help|Tables]]

Revision as of 01:59, 7 August 2010

Tables may be authored in wiki pages using either HTML table elements directly, or using wikicode formatting to define the table. HTML table elements and their use are well described on various web pages and will not be discussed here. The benefit of wikicode is that the table is constructed of character symbols which tend to make it easier to perceive the table structure in the article editing view compared to HTML table elements.

As a general rule, it is best to avoid using a table unless you need one. Table markup often complicates page editing.

Wiki table markup summary

{| table start
|+ table caption, optional; only between table start and first table row
|- table row, optional on first row -- wiki engine assumes the first row
! table header cell, optional. Consecutive table header cells may be added on same line separated by double marks (!!) or start on new lines, each with its own single mark (!).
| table data cell, required! Consecutive table data cells may be added on same line separated by double marks (||) or start on new lines, each with its own single mark (|).
|} table end
  • The above marks must start on a new line except the double || and !! for optionally adding consecutive cells to a line.
  • XHTML attributes. Each mark, except table end, optionally accepts one or more XHTML attributes. Attributes must be on the same line as the mark. Separate attributes from each other with a single space.
    • Cells and caption (| or ||, ! or !!, and |+) hold content. So separate any attributes from content with a single pipe (|). Cell content may follow on same line or on following lines.
    • Table and row marks ({| and |-) do not directly hold content. Do not add pipe (|) after their optional attributes. If you erroneously add a pipe after attributes for the table mark or row mark the parser will delete it and your final attribute if it was touching the erroneous pipe!
  • Content may (a) follow its cell mark on the same line after any optional XHTML attributes or (b) on lines below the cell mark. Content that uses wiki markup that itself needs to start on a new line, such as lists, headers, or nested tables, must of course be on its own new line.

Simple table

Plain

The following table lacks borders and good spacing but shows the simplest wiki markup table structure

Orange Apple
Bread Pie
Butter Ice cream 
{|
|Orange
|Apple
|-
|Bread
|Pie
|-
|Butter
|Ice cream 
|}

Alternative

For more table-ish looking wiki markup cells can be listed on one line separated by ||. This does not scale well for longer cell content such as paragraphs. It works well for short bits of content however, such as our example table.

Extra spaces within cells in the wiki markup can be added, as I have done in the wiki markup below, to make the wiki markup itself look better but they do not affect the actual table rendering.

HTML attributes can be added to tables on this page but have been left out of the following example for simplicity.

Orange Apple more
Bread Pie more
Butter Ice cream and more 
{|
|  Orange    ||   Apple   ||   more
|-
|   Bread    ||   Pie     ||   more
|-
|   Butter   || Ice cream ||  and more
|}

With HTML attributes

You can add HTML attributes to make your table look better

border="1"

Orange Apple
Bread Pie
Butter Ice cream 
{| border="1"
|Orange
|Apple
|-
|Bread
|Pie
|-
|Butter
|Ice cream 
|}

align="center" border="1"

Orange Apple
Bread Pie
Butter Ice cream 
{| align="center" border="1"
|Orange
|Apple
|-
|Bread
|Pie
|-
|Butter
|Ice cream 
|}

Attributes on cells

You can put attributes on individual cells. Numbers for example may look better aligned right

Orange Apple 12,333.00
Bread Pie 500.00
Butter Ice cream 1.00 
{| border="1"
|Orange
|Apple
|align="right"|12,333.00
|-
|Bread
|Pie
|align="right"|500.00
|-
|Butter
|Ice cream
|align="right"|1.00
|}

Attributes on rows

You can put attributes on individual rows, too.

Orange Apple 12,333.00
Bread Pie 500.00
Butter Ice cream 1.00 
{| border="1"
|Orange
|Apple
|align="right"|12,333.00
|-
|Bread
|Pie
|align="right"|500.00
|- style="font-style:italic;color:green;"
|Butter
|Ice cream
|align="right"|1.00
|}

cellspacing="0" border="1"

Orange Apple
Bread Pie
Butter Ice cream 
{| cellspacing="0" border="1"
|Orange
|Apple
|-
|Bread
|Pie
|-
|Butter
|Ice cream 
|}

cellpadding="20" cellspacing="0" border="1"

Orange Apple
Bread Pie
Butter Ice cream 
{| cellpadding="20" cellspacing="0" border="1"
|Orange
|Apple
|-
|Bread
|Pie
|-
|Butter
|Ice cream 
|}

cellpadding="20" cellspacing="0" border="1" width="100%"

Orange Apple
Bread Pie
Butter Ice cream 
{| cellpadding="20" cellspacing="0" border="1" width="100%"
|Orange
|Apple
|-
|Bread
|Pie
|-
|Butter
|Ice cream 
|}

With HTML attributes and CSS styles

CSS style attributes can be added with or without other HTML attributes

style="color:green;background-color:#ffffcc;" cellpadding="20" cellspacing="0" border="1"

Orange Apple
Bread Pie
Butter Ice cream 
{| style="color:green;background-color:#ffffcc;" 
cellpadding="20" cellspacing="0" border="1"
|Orange
|Apple
|-
|Bread
|Pie
|-
|Butter
|Ice cream 
|}

Table with TH headings

TH (HTML table headings) can be created by using ! instead of |. Headings usually show up bold and centered by default.

Top headings

Each column

Yummy Yummier
Orange Apple
Bread Pie
Butter Ice cream 
{| border="1" cellpadding="20" cellspacing="0"
!Yummy
!Yummier
|-
|Orange
|Apple
|-
|Bread
|Pie
|-
|Butter
|Ice cream 
|}

Colspan="2"

Yummies
Orange Apple
Bread Pie
Butter Ice cream 
{| border="1" cellpadding="20" cellspacing="0"
! colspan="2"|Yummies
|-
|Orange
|Apple
|-
|Bread
|Pie
|-
|Butter
|Ice cream 
|}

Side headings

Default

Fruit Orange Apple
Dish Bread Pie
Complement Butter Ice cream 
{| border="1" cellpadding="20" cellspacing="0"
!Fruit
|Orange
|Apple
|-
!Dish
|Bread
|Pie
|-
!Complement
|Butter
|Ice cream 
|}

Right justify

Right justified side headings can be done as follows

Fruit Orange Apple
Dish Bread Pie
Complement Butter Ice cream 
{| border="1" cellpadding="20" cellspacing="0"
!align="right" |Fruit
|Orange
|Apple
|-
!align="right" |Dish
|Bread
|Pie
|-
!align="right" |Complement
|Butter
|Ice cream 
|}

Caption

A table caption can be added to the top of any table as follows

Food complements
Orange Apple
Bread Pie
Butter Ice cream 
{| border="1" cellpadding="20" cellspacing="0"
|+Food complements
|-
|Orange
|Apple
|-
|Bread
|Pie
|-
|Butter
|Ice cream 
|}

Attributes can be added to the caption as follows

Food complements
Orange Apple
Bread Pie
Butter Ice cream 
{| border="1" cellpadding="20" cellspacing="0"
|+align="bottom" style="color:#e76700;"|''Food complements''
|-
|Orange
|Apple
|-
|Bread
|Pie
|-
|Butter
|Ice cream 
|}

Table with H1, H2, H3 etc. headings

HTML H1, H2, H3, H4 etc. headings can be created the standard wiki markup way with ==equal== signs and must be on a line all by themselves to work.

Preview the whole table. If you click on an edit tab for a heading within a table, edit, and preview, the parent table will display erroneously broken because part of it will be missing.

Keep the heading hierarchy consistent with the rest of the page so that the table of contents at page top works correctly.

Yummiest

Orange Apple
Bread Pie
Butter Ice cream 
{| border="3"  cellpadding="20" cellspacing="0"
|colspan="2"|
===Yummiest===
|-
|Orange
|Apple
|-
|Bread
|Pie
|-
|Butter
|Ice cream 
|}

Caveat

Negative numbers

Negative value minus sign can break your table (it may display missing some values) if you start a cell on a new line with a negative number or a parameter that evaluates to a negative number (|-6) because that is the wiki markup for table row, not table cell. To avoid this, insert a space before the value (| -6) or use in-line cell markup (||-6).

Retrieved from "http://www.atitd.org/wiki/t6w/index.php?title=Help:Tables&oldid=55"